Art of manufacturing paper bottles or containing vessels.



I E. T. GRELENFIELD. ABT OF MANUFACTURING PAPER BOTTLES 0R CONTAININGVESSELS.

APPLICATION HILED DEC. 14, 1908. 1,016,327. Patented Feb. 6, 1912.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Q I has v 1 E. T. GREENFIELD. ART OF MANUFACTURING PAPER BOTTLES 0RCONTAINING VESSBLS.

APPLIOATION FILED D3014, 190a. 1,016,327, Patented Feb. 6. 1912.

' 2 SHEETSSHBET w ,l 3"" MI 5 T "I 5 1 7 I W 1k 2a 27 IHHHHI' 3 EDW INr. GREINFIELD, F KIAMESHA, NEW YORK,

U ITro strA'r s PAQJENT OF ICE.

AssIsNoE 'rdGREENEIELi) PAPER BOTTLE COMPANY, OF NEW Yer-K, N. in, aooneomrron OF N W JERSEY.

.ARTOF MANUFACTURING PAPEE no'rrLEs oE- oon'rariwrne vEssELs.

Specification o1 Letters lat'ent.

Application filed December 14, 19'03. Seria1No.'467,372.

To all whomz't may concern:

Be it known that I,-E ow1n T. GREENFIELD, a citizen of the UnitedStates, and resident of Kiamesha, in the county of Sullivan and State ofNew York, have made a new and useful Invention in the Art ofManufacturing Paper Bottles orContaining Vessels, of which thefollowingis a specification.

My intention is directed to a novel method of manufacturing orconstructing bottles or containing vessels for liquids generally, butpart-icularlyfordairy products, as milk, cream, etc., and it has for itsobject,

to'construct-such a bottle or containing vesfisel from fibrous'materlal,such as paper, and in such-manner as to produce a bottle of greatstrength, minimum lightness and at-a minimum cost.

My invention contemplates especially the manufacture -of a bottle asdisclosed in Unigd. States Patent No. 940,310, gra

to me Nov. 16th, 1909, which bottle is made from a tube of paper and isof such a nature that the throat and neck of the article possess greatstrength thereby adapting it to 'be'handled when being filled ortransported illustrated and described a bot-tle.having the body portionof tubular -form and a 'fromplace' to place, as ordinary glass bottiesare handled, without damage or injury thereto. I

I In' the before-mentioned patent I have throat decreasing in diameterfrom the shoulder thereof to the neck which is of cylindrical .form,said throat and neck being provided with ribs in the nature of taperingbox plaits giving thereto greater strength as the ,p'laits' approach theneck and mouth of the' bottle proper, said bottle being also providedwith a cup bottom and a mouth ring of. like material, which parts aresecured respectively to the bot-tomof the body and the mouth of thebottle proper by a concentric'bead, so that the entire bottle whencompleted resembles very closely existing types of glass bottles as toconformation or shape and possesses the qualification of being-equally.strong at the parts by which it is handled during. the'p'rocess offilling and in transportation.

In the present apphoatyongl have disclosed mechanism for constructingthis bottle and. I will now describe the method of making it, throughthe agency of such mechanism,

reference beinghad to the accompanying rarefi d Feb. 6,1912.

structing the before-mentioned bottle,,illustrating" also the paper tubein position prepara tory to performing the method of shap-. mg thethroat and neck of the bottle proper Fig. 2 is a plan 1 from the topdrawings,

throat and forced into lines Fig. 1, this figure not being seen inFig. 1. Fig. 3 1s a vertical sectional view taken through view as seenlooking at .Fig.

upon the assumption that the neck forming parts have been the positionshown .in dotted Fig. :2 on the line X- X, the two positions of theclamping-ring and clamping wedges toward the bottom ot the the clampingring shown in" for use therewith being shown respectively in full linesand dotted lines; perspective view of the double ori duplex forming armswhich the bottle, and then the turning down of the folds of the surplusmaterial so as to form- -ribs or plaits which give increased strength tothosepart's. ,'F1g. 5 1s a plan view of the Fig. 4: is a successivelyeffect the -f0l11121t10l1 ofthe throat and neck proper of a beading toolfor securing thebottomof the part thereof, a similar tool of smaller di;mensions being provided, for performing bottle proper to the interior ofthe bottom the like function with relation to the mouth ring at theupper end of the neck of the bottle; a sectional view of the body of thebottle being shown in position while the act-ion of securing thebottomthereto is being eff fected; Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken throughFig. 5 and as seen looking thereat from the bottom toward the top of thedrawings in the direction of the arrows,

butupon. the assumption that the operating beading lever is removed toits outer or inoperative a position; this view illustrating also thebottom ofthe bottle proper and the manner in'= which it is secured tothe body thereof, to

gether with the means for detachably securmg it to a bench or table.Fig. 7 is a sectional view of the neck 'and' mouth of the completedbottle, which the mouth proper by a heading tool like that show'ninFigs-5 and 6.

' Referring now to the .drawings in detail illustratingthe manner inring is secured to the neck I 10 and first to Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive, 1,2 and. 3

represent respectively the body part, the throat part and the neck partof an interior forming mold having the eonforn'lation or shape of theinterior of the bottle to be constructed, said .mold being two part ineffect;

that is to say, split in the direction of its length to apointapproximating the neck' thereof so that the 'same may be spread at itsbottom. 4 represents a tube made of paper or other fibrous material andhaving substantially the interior diameter of the exterior of the bodypart 1 of the mold. 5 represents the base or supporting part of the moldand 6 a wedge adapted to spread the bottom of the body part 1 thereof.7, 7,

represent a plurality of forming arms which are provided at theirbottoms with dowel pins 8,. 8, adapted to fit loosely in radiallydisposed holes in the base 5, there being two of these dowel pins andcorresponding holes for each arm. These arms are curvilinear in crosssection at the various parts of the .length thereofto conform to theexterior .curvilinearjsurface of the completed bottle.

9, 9, are curvilinear parts secured to the forming arms 7, 7, by screws,as shown and the structural arrangement of all of these interconnectedparts is such that when in closed-position about the mold 1, 2 and 3,

they fitl'snuglyagainst the faces of all of the" parts thereof, as willbe apparent on inspection ofFigsJl and 2. 10, 10 constitute similarcurvilinear forming arms designedto complete the folding down of the ris or box plaits after the first-named arms 7, 7 and thecurvilinear-parts 9,.9 have, been.

drawn forward in the. manner shown in Fig. 2; 11, 11 are pins' pivotallysecuring the arms 1O, 10 to the arms 7, 7, each pair of arms 7, 10, thusconstituting in effectone set of duplexforming arms. 12 is a clampingring designedto apply the proper pressure to the upper ends of the arms7, 7, during the first step of the method of the conformation of thebottle proper, and 13, 13 are hedges designed to complete the final stepof the forming'method by forcing the curvilinear forming arms 10, 10into their ultimate position, as will be described in conneetion withthe mode of operation.

Referring now to Figs. and 6, I will describe the apparatus forcompleting the bot-- tle by securing the cup like bottom to thebottom ofthe body part of the bottle, and

.also for securing the mouthri-ng to the 16 represents the tube fromwhich the bottle is to be constructed. 21 represents the male part ofthe bead forming tool having the same interior curvature as the grooveand secured directly to an operating lever 22, pivoted at one end to thebase 16 and provided with an operating handle 23 at the other endthereof. 24 represents a tubular cup which is constructed by forming thesame in a heated die in a well known manner to those skilled in theartof forming boxes and like articles from paper under pressure in heateddies, said cup having the same exterior diameter as the inner diameterof the tube 4. 25

(see Fi g. 7) represents the neck of the completed bottleas formed inthe molds above described, and 26 the mouth ring which isconstructed byheated dies, in the same man-Q ner as was the on 24, and is of such anature that it may he slipped directly over the end of the neck so astobe secured thereto by a concentric head 27.

Having described the bottle proper and also the apparatus by whichsaidbottle is constructed, I will now proceed to describe the method ofoperation of forming the same.

Referring first to Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive, all of the parts of the moldproper, which are seen in Figs. 1 and 4, are first subjected to heat ina furnace to such an extent as will not burn the paper when the mold isbeing used. The interior mold is then inserted within the tube 4 untilthe-bottom thereof is flush \viththe lower end of said tube. The

wedge 6 then inserted in the bottom of the' interior mold and the partsas thus interconnected are dropped into the cylindrical opening in thebottom of the base or support 5, so that when the wedge 6 which nowrests upon the bench or table is forced forward to its limit, the tubewill be firmly secured between the mold and the inner wall of said base.In this position the four arms 7, 7, 7, 7, and curvilinear parts 9, 9,9, 9 are forced forward by the clamping ring 12, as will be apparent oninspection of Fig. 2, the ring 12 being driven down to its lowest.position as seen in dotted lines Fig. 3. The parts 'are allowed to standfor an instant in this position until the paper sets between the parts9, 9, 9 and the interior mold.

The operation so far described performs the. first-step of my novelmethod hereinaftor claimed, in that it molds or forms that partof thetube lying respectively under the curvilinear par-15 9, 9, 9, againstthe throatand neck parts of the interior forming mold, giving to themajor portion" of this end of the paper tube ,the exact conformation orshape of well known types of bottles having cone-shaped throats andcylindrical necks. At. the same time. however, it. will he noted onexamination of Fig. 2, there isa surplus of the paper which is squeezedout between i as. t e or t p e e d b h bo y the lateral edges of thecurvilinear parts 9, 9, 9-into the corresponding spaces between thepivoted arms 7, 7, 7. This surplus of i'ateri'al is'in the nature of-aplurality of d ldin four Such being shown. The ring 12 *gmwjm ved andthearms 7, 7,-released that the lateral edges of the curvilinear u'tsf9,Q9, ai e'lrelea'sed from behind the "'(ju-rved' exteirsi'ons-of thepaper'seen in Fig. 2. 'lhe edge 6 is now temporarily released ur'sio asto pierinit the bottle as thus-far formed ffa-nd itsflsupporting mold tobe rotated a fi-a'c tional part of a revolution so as to bring'the'eitteriorcurvilinear portions of the folds 13f the surplus materialwhich are to conr-F; stitute the plaitsdirectly opposite-the curtjillhear parts 9, 9, 9, and the 'parts arc aginjforced'forward through theagency of end fof the neckto "the. lower end of the a Po t ofifihfif-"bottle ,proper. fThe' -f-ring 1-2- and wedges 1'3'..- 'are''now- 'removed landthe wedge GfWithdrayvnfi m' the bottom, of theinterior m'old'iwhe'ii tl'ieibody'pai't thereof and vinf'co'mpletedFconditionand "ready 'for receivingf the ,'cup -bottom anda mouth ring to a be I applied thereto through: the agency ofthe tool"illustrated 5 40' of "the bottle is and 6,' Whichoperatiomwillnow bede-- scribed; Thej-tool illustrated in thesefigures of, the drawings isfirst heated to approximately the same temperaturea's-wasthe eni tiremold shown in :Fig. 1 and it isdet-ach ably secured to" a bench or tablethrou'ghfthe agency of the pins-18, 18,'extending throu h 't-he h'oles-17, 17', 17in the 'base'theieof: T e

- cup 24 is now inserted in the" interior ofithe bottom of'the bottle asthusfar formed withthe' bottom part up, and with theinner side thereofresting against the curvilinear art 19 of the'tool,'with-' the'bottom'propero jthe". bottleresting firmly on'the top s'ur faee of "the haseThe operator then-takinghold of -the-=handle' 23 p i head is formedaround-the bottom ation of; such edges converge from the: lower.

. I I of the lVGIi'QQ advances the heated male part 2lagainst the bottomthereof which effectually unites the same to the lower part of the bodyproper. This vpart of the operation constitutes a further step in thecompletion of the bottle in the sealing or securing of the bottomthereto. The mouth ring 26 is now slippedioverthe neck of the bottlinthe manner shown in Fig. 7- and a concentric head 27 is formedtherearound in the same manner as the like head was formed around thebottom and with a like tool of smaller dimensions. This operation justdescribed constitutes the final step of the formation or shaping of thebottle and as thus formed it is subjected toa bath of molten paraffin or'-an equivalent-waterproofing agent, which effectually seals all of theparts together and renders the bodyand throat parts thereofp'racticallytransparent;

In the practice of the method hereinbefore described ofmanufacturing.bottles from fibrousmaterial, such as paper, various types of apparatusmay be used in effecting such method; orthe samemay beudone by hand byfirst moistening all of thatpartlof the tube above the-shoulder of thebody part 1, and forming the plaits or ribs by'manipulating the same byhand,v after which the folds of the surplus -material=cwhich .is to formsaid'plaits may be ironeddown with va: heated iron and this entire--portion ofthebottle as I thus. constructed subjected to a sufficient,dryinginfluence to cause "it to maintainits shape-onform. .Wh'le I:have -'-described the application of-heat-as one of the steps whichconstitute the method; bywhich; my I novelbottle 01:

containing vessel is formed,-I'donot-:limit myself to the ;use of heatinforniing the --e m leted bottle, although -such iagent is *pre, erablyused; Nordoil' limit tmyselfto thesecuring of the cup Qtawithin thebottom of the body' part, or the m0ut-h-ring.26 to -the neck of thebottle, asvarious means of effecting this result-might be devised, ,the'

essential feature ofnovelty in-my invention lying in the method ofoperation by which a bottle is formed from a paper or analogous fibroustube by compression in such manner as to. form strengthening'ribs orplaits between the shoulder ofthe bottle proper and the mouth-thereof,and also in securingto the opposite ends of a tube of ordinary bottleconformation as thus prepared .a bottom and a neck ring,;whieh-rinshall-constitutethe equivalent of the-usila 'eneck rin'g found in glassor other bottles, my invention being generie to a method of operation inthe manner described,

Having thus described my invention what I claim and desire to secure byLetters Pat- ,ent of the United 'States-'is- 1. The described method offorming a bottle, consisting in first =constructing a tube of a sheet ofpaper, then subjectingoneend of such tube to pressure againsttheithroatand neck parts of a bottle-shaped forming mold so as to give to the samea throatand neck conformation of like form, with a plurality of folds of'surplus'material located radially therearound; then folding the surplusmaterial into plaits e xtendin in the direction'of the length of themold by the application of further pressure; then securing a cup-shapedbottom to the-lower or open end of the body part by indenting aconcentric bead between the two. parts through the agency ofpressure,'and finally securing a strengthening ring to the outer end ofthe neck in the same manner,

2. The described method of forming a bottle from paper or like pliablematerial, consisting in (1) constructing a tube from a sheet thereof;(2) subjecting one end of such tube to compression about one end of aforming mold havlng a throat and neck until the paper pa-rtakes of theshape of the V mold and the surplus material is formed into folds.ra'dially disposed therearound; (3)

forming or shaping, said folds into boie -plaits by )ressure whichplaits overlap the throat an neck as first formedand lie in thedirection of the len th thereof; (4) securing a bottom of cup Form orshape to the bottom of .the tube byindenting a concentric bead betweenthe two a enc of re'ssure' an 5 securin a b i 7 C:

' double or duplex strengthening ring to the i outer surface thereof.

outer end of the neck withits inner and outer walls located respective]within the inner su face of the neck :31 around the 3. T hedescribedmethod of forming a bottle, consisting in first constructing a tube of asheet of paper, then subjecting one end of such tube to heat andpressure against the throat and neck parts of a bottle-shaped 'formingmold so as to give to the same :1

consistin (parts through the pressure, and finally securingzastrengthen- 4 ing ring to the outer end of theneck 1n the same manner.

4. The described method of forming a. bottle from paper 'or like pliablematerial, in (1) constructing a tube from a sheet t ereof; (2) subjectinone end, of

such tube to compression an heat about one end of a forming mold havinga throatand neck until the paper partakes of the shape of the mold andthe surplus material is formed into folds radially d1sposedtherearound;(3) forming or shaping said folds into hox-plaits by heatand pressure,which plaits overlap the throat and neck as first formed and lie in the'direction of the length thereof; (4) securing a bottom of on form orshape to the bottomof the tube by indenting a concentric head betweenthe two parts through the agency of heat and pressure; and (5) securinga double or duplex strengthening ring to the outer end of the neck withits inner and outer walls located respectively within the inner surfaceof the neck and around the outer surface thereof. In testimony whereof Ihave signed my name to this specification in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

EDWIN T. GREENFIELD. Witnesses Enwo. HQ JOHNSON, C. J. Kmrnnn.

